While you may not know it, the city of Bukhara boasts many cultural and religious monuments from its important past as a city on the Silk Road. These centuries-old edifices are a fascinating glimpse into a former era. Take our guide to see the best landmarks in Bukhara.
1) Khalifa Khudoydod Complex
The Khalifa Khudoydod Complex is located in the district of the same name. Erected in the 18th Century, it is one of the most significant monuments in Bukhara. Besides the monument itself, the complex also once contained a dormitory for blind Koran readers.
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2) Kosh-Madrasa Ensemble
The Modari-Khan and Abdullakhan are two parts of the Kosh-Madrasa ensemble. Kosh means “double. The two institutions here are across the street from one another. Modari-Khan was erected by Abdullakhan II in 1566-1567. It contains a hostel for students and teachers, a courtyard, and a mosque. Look out for the colorful mosaics on the building’s façade. The Abdullakhan Madrasa was built in 1588-1590. This building is a work of art, with its medieval architecture and wonderfully decorated façade shining brightly under the sun’s rays.
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3) Samanid Mausoleum
The Samanid mausoleum is in the city’s historical center within a park that was laid out on the site of an ancient cemetery. It is considered one of the most esteemed sights of Central Asian architecture. Built in the 9th and 10th centuries, it is the resting-place of Ismail Samani - a powerful and influential amir (leader) of the Persian Samanid dynasty, who ruled much of Central Asia at the time. For many years the lower part of the mausoleum remained under a two-meter high layer of sediment. Now cleared and fully restored, this ancient site can be observed from all sides.
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Sight description based on wikipedia
4) Chashma-Ayub Mausoleum
The story of this mausoleum is rooted in the legend of Job (Ayub), who is thought to have visited here and made a healing well. To this day, the water of the well is considered to have healing powers. Located within an ancient cemetery, the current building on the site was constructed during the reign of Timur and features a Khwarazm-style conical dome, unusual to the area. While some elements have not survived, the harmonious entrance portal and part of the western fencing wall remains. Located nearby the Samani Mausoleum, the Chashma-Ayub Mausoleum is under consideration for the UNESCO World Heritage List.
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Sight description based on wikipedia
5) Khodja Zainuddin Complex
The Khodja Zainuddin Complex is a 16th Century palace located near a group of ponds. This historical site contains an interesting spillway shaped in the style of a dragon.
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6) Nodir Devan-Begi Khanaka
The Nadir Devan-Begi Khanaka is part of the Lyab-I Hauzx pond complex. Built in the early 17th Century by Nadir Devan-Begi, this large edifice was a center of cultural and religious life in Bukhara for centuries. It boasts numerous rooms and a square hall with good acoustics.
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7) Lab-i Hauz
The Lab-i Hauz Ensemble (Persian: لب حوض, meaning by the pond) is a 16th – 17th Century pond complex that is one of only a few remaining sites of its kind in the city. Before the Soviet era there were many such ponds, which were the city's principal source of water. However, they were notorious for spreading disease and were mostly filled in during the 1920s and 1930s. This complex survived because it is the centerpiece of a magnificent architectural ensemble, which has not been significantly changed since its construction. Surrounding the pond on three sides are the Kukeldash Madrasa (1568–1569), the largest in the city, a khanaka (1620), or lodging-house for itinerant Sufis, and another madrasa (1622).
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Sight description based on wikipedia
8) Statue of Khodja Nasreddin
The statue of Khodja Nasreddin is located in a small garden within Lyab-i Hauz. Nasreddin, a popular character from children’s fairy tales, is thought to have lived about 1,000 years ago. The statue depicts a smiling Nasreddin on a donkey.
Image Courtesy of Wikimedia and Dmitriy A. Pitirimov
9) Chor-Minor Madrasa
The Chor-Minor (“four minarets”) is one of the architectural gems of the city. Built by Khalif Niazkul in the early 19th Century, it features four minarets that represent the four sides of the world. Each elegant minaret has its own unique ornament. The Chor-Minor also contains a courtyard, a pond and a summer mosque. Inside you can see religious inscriptions in Arabic along the walls. This unique, distinctive site is well worth visiting during your trip to Bukhara.
Image Courtesy of Wikimedia and Дмитрий Питиримов
10) Faizabad Khana-gah
The Faizabad khana-gah in northeast Bukhara, which dates from the late 1590s, is considered to be one of the most important monuments in the whole city. There is much to admire in the well-balanced architecture of this centuries-old edifice, which was used as a mosque for many years. Look out for the symmetrical galleries on both sides of the large entranceway.
Image Courtesy of Wikimedia and Noé LECOCQ