Amsterdam Museum, Amsterdam

The Amsterdam Museum, known until 2010 as the Amsterdam Historical Museum, is dedicated to the city's past and present. It opened in 1926 in the Waag, one of Amsterdam's 15th-century city gates. Since 1975, the museum has been located in a former convent that was used from 1581 onwards as Amsterdam's municipal orphanage. The orphanage operated here until 1960.

In the 17th century, the building was extended by the acclaimed Dutch "Golden Age" architects, Hendrick and his son Pieter de Keyser, and then rebuilt by Jacob van Campen, in 1634, imparting it with an eternal classical look.

The museum's exhibits relate to the history of Amsterdam, from the Middle Ages to the present time, delving into various facets of the city's life, including religion, culture, folklore, and even prostitution.

Before you venture in, take a moment to observe the archway at the entrance. Resting atop the slightly slanted arch is the city's coat of arms, featuring a red shield adorned with three Xs and a crown. These X-shaped crosses hold dual significance: they represent the crucifixion of Saint Andrew, the patron saint of fishermen, as well as symbolize the virtues of heroism, determination, and mercy. This symbolism was officially adopted by the queen following the Dutch experience in World War II. Although before that, it is believed to have represented the three major medieval threats: fire, flood, and plague.

Inside, the museum's collection spans three floors and includes paintings, models, archaeological findings, photographs, but also less likely items such as a playable carillon, a Witkar (environment-friendly vehicle from the 1960s), and a replica of Café 't Mandje (a famous pub opened in the Red-light district in 1927, where prostitutes, pimps, seamen, and lesbian women came together).

Many of the original furnishings of the city orphanage are also on display, as are artifacts relating to the Rasp house, the former house of correction in Amsterdam where the prisoners were forced to rasp wood to make sawdust. As of 2011, the museum manages 70,000 objects kept in various buildings and storage areas. Of those, approximately 25,000 have been photographed and are available to the public online.