Holzturm (Wood Tower), Mainz

The Wood Tower (Holzturm) in Mainz is one of the remaining medieval structures that once formed part of the city’s fortifications, alongside the Iron and Alexander Towers. Originally constructed in the first half of the 15th century, the tower's Gothic design reflects the architectural style of the period, with its slender proportions emphasizing verticality, typical of the Gothic aesthetic.

The Wood Tower derives its name from the wood market historically held outside its gate and the wood transported down the Rhine River from southern Germany, which was stored on the nearby riverbanks. Initially serving as a watchtower and gate tower, the structure later functioned as a gaol during the late medieval and early modern periods. Among its most infamous prisoners was Johannes Bückler, also known as "Schinderhannes," a notorious bandit who, along with his gang, was held here for over 15 months before being executed in 1803.

Architecturally, the six-story tower is constructed from crushed stone, reinforced with square quoins, and divided by two prominent cornices. It features a steeply pitched hipped roof, a ribbed vault ceiling, and pointed-arch windows typical of Gothic design. Decorative elements include busts of couples—a burgher and his wife, as well as a king and queen—above the windows on the first floor facing the city.

Although severely damaged during World War II, the Wood Tower was meticulously reconstructed in 1961 as part of Mainz’s 2000th-anniversary celebrations. Today, it serves as a venue for various organizations and clubs.