Rock of Gibraltar, Gibraltar (must see)

The Rock of Gibraltar stands as a majestic monolithic limestone promontory in the British territory of Gibraltar. Situated near the southwestern tip of Europe on the Iberian Peninsula, it guards the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea. Rising to an impressive height of 426 meters (1,398 feet), this iconic landmark captivates visitors with its natural beauty and rich history.

A significant portion of the Rock's upper area is dedicated to a nature reserve, creating a haven for diverse flora and fauna. One of the most famous inhabitants of the reserve is the Barbary macaque. Around 300 of these playful and charismatic monkeys roam freely on the Rock, delighting tourists with their antics. The presence of these macaques adds a unique and endearing aspect to the Rock's appeal.

Beyond its natural allure, the Rock of Gibraltar holds a prominent place in ancient mythology and historical significance. According to ancient legends propagated by the Greeks, Phoenicians, and later the Romans, the Rock, together with another pillar known as Mons Abila, formed the legendary Pillars of Hercules. These pillars were believed to mark the boundary of the known world.

The Rock of Gibraltar itself was known to the Romans as Mons Calpe. It served as a navigational landmark for ancient seafarers, symbolizing the end of the Mediterranean and the gateway to the vast Atlantic Ocean. While the Phoenicians had ventured beyond this point, exploring both northward and southward into the Atlantic, the Pillars of Hercules remained significant symbols of exploration and discovery.

In addition to its natural and mythological allure, the Rock of Gibraltar is also home to an intricate network of tunnels. These tunnels, created over centuries, were initially constructed for military purposes and later expanded during World War II. They served as a strategic defensive system, providing shelter, storage, and a hidden vantage point for the British forces.

Today, the Rock's tunnels are a popular attraction, offering visitors a glimpse into its military history and a chance to explore the subterranean world beneath the limestone cliffs. The combination of the Barbary macaques, the natural reserve, and the historical tunnels make the Rock of Gibraltar a captivating destination for tourists from around the world.