Emir Assaf Mosque, Beirut

The Emir Assaf Mosque, also known as the Bab es-Saray Mosque, is a significant historical and religious site located in downtown Beirut. This mosque stands on Weygand Street, near landmarks such as the Samir Kassir Garden and the Beirut Municipal Building, and directly opposite the entrance to the Sursock Market.

Emir Mansour Assaf founded the mosque between 1572 and 1580, constructing it on the site of the Byzantine Church of the Holy Savior. Historically, this location had once hosted Emir Fakhreddine’s palace and celebrated gardens in what was known as the Serail Square. Throughout the years, the vicinity surrounding the mosque has undergone numerous alterations. Significant modifications occurred in 1934 with the addition of ablution facilities on the mosque's western side, aligning with the street that leads to Etoile Square.

Architecturally, the Emir Assaf Mosque is distinguished by its square structure, five-cupola roof, and characteristic Lebanese design features such as Ablaq decoration around the entrance and muqarnas detailing on the windows. The prayer hall within the mosque is supported by gray granite Roman columns that uphold a central dome, reflecting the historical layers and cultural interactions in Beirut.

The mosque underwent significant restoration in the mid-1990s, revitalizing its original western façade. It also became a recognized archaeological site by a presidential decree issued on June 16, 1936. This designation highlights its importance in Lebanese heritage and culture.

Today, the mosque remains a vibrant center of community and spirituality, especially during the holy month of Ramadan when it hosts religious lessons, prophetic birthday celebrations, and daily iftars for fasting individuals, particularly aiding the poor. The mosque can accommodate approximately 800 worshippers, making it a significant religious venue in Beirut.