Iglesia del Oratorio de San Felipe Neri (Church of Oratorio de San Felipe Neri), Cadiz

The Church of Oratorio de San Felipe Neri, built between 1685 and 1719 by architect Blas Díaz, is a historically significant landmark. Designed in the Andalusian Baroque style with a rare elliptical floor plan, the church is best known as the site where the Spanish Constitution of 1812-the nation’s first-was debated and approved.

Despite damage from the 1755 Lisbon earthquake, the structure was repaired by Pedro Afanador in 1764, including the reconstruction of its distinctive double-section dome with eight windows. Today, commemorative plaques on the exterior recall the monumental events that took place within these walls.

The interior features rich artistic heritage, notably the main altarpiece, a Rococo work from the mid-18th century made of gilded wood and presided over by Murillo’s Immaculate Conception, regarded as one of his finest paintings.

Surrounding the main space are seven chapels, including the Tabernacle Chapel, adorned with a vivid Italian Baroque altarpiece in colored marble and a polychrome crucifix of Italian origin.

Declared a Historical Artistic Monument in 1907, the Oratory remains a powerful symbol of Spain’s liberal legacy and a masterpiece of religious and political history.