Esnoga (Portuguese Synagogue), Amsterdam

The prospect of enjoying religious freedom is what attracted a significant number of Jews from across Europe to Amsterdam. Over the years, the city has earned a reputation for its tolerance and its commitment to equal rights for individuals of all backgrounds.

The Jewish community first sought refuge in Amsterdam in the late 15th century, escaping persecution in Spain and Portugal to find a haven of religious liberty in the Netherlands. During this period, the Dutch Republic was engaged in a conflict with Spain, prompting the refugees to adopt the moniker "Portuguese Jews" to avoid further complications.

The community thrived, and approximately a century later, in 1665, the majestic Portuguese Synagogue, also known as the Esnoga, was designed in the prevailing Neoclassical fashion popular in the Netherlands at the time, complete with pilasters and a concealed balustrade. Notably, during its construction, it held the distinction of being the largest of its kind worldwide and took inspiration from the architectural magnificence of the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem.

Remarkably untouched by the passage of time, the edifice stands sentinel over one of Amsterdam's busiest thoroughfares. Its design and interiors have remained virtually unaltered since the 17th century, allowing visitors to bask in the timeless beauty of its antiquities and grand décor. At night, the entire space is illuminated by approximately 1000 candles, eschewing electric lighting.

Why You Should Visit:
To experience the second-oldest continuously used synagogue in Europe.
Admission also grants access to the Jewish Historical Museum across the street.

Tip:
Don't miss exploring the various annexes connected to the main building, including the board room, winter synagogue, baths, office, candle room, mourning room, and rabbinate. Make sure to descend to the treasure chambers, which house exquisite items such as precious 16th-century manuscripts and tapestries adorned with gold thread, among other treasures. You'll also have the opportunity to view books from the oldest Jewish library in the world.