Venetian Walls and Tomb of Nikos Kazantzakis, Heraklion

The Venetian Walls of Heraklion stand as an impressive testament to the fortification architecture of the 16th century A.D. Regarded as one of the best-preserved monuments in the Mediterranean basin, these walls offer a captivating journey through the city's history. Extending approximately 4.5 kilometers, the walls form a protective triangle around the "Old Heraklion" of the 16th century, weaving together vivid memories of the city's glorious past.

The walk along the Heraklion Walls is a journey through time, where the citizens of Heraklion can explore the beauty that surrounds them and connect with the historical significance of these fortifications. The walls feature seven heart-shaped bastions (forts) and four remarkable city gates (portals), each with its unique character. Starting from the western end, visitors encounter bastions such as Saint Andrew, Pantocrator, Bethlehem, Martinengo, Jesus, Vitouri, and Sambionara, the Bastion of the Sand at the east end of Heraklion. The four gates include Pantokrator or Chania Gate, the reconstructed Bethlehem, the Jesus Gate (New Gate), and the Gate of St. George on Freedom Square in the city center.

The construction of the Venetian Walls began in 1462, marking the Byzantines' efforts to enclose the rapidly expanding city. Over the course of more than a century, the walls were strengthened, rebuilt, and enhanced, including the creation of the fortress of Koules, also known as Rocca del Mare, and the development of the harbor with its arsenals.

The walls withstood significant historical events, such as the 22-year siege where 100,000 lives were lost, and the Luftwaffe bombings during the Second World War. Despite the conflicts, the Heraklion Walls have persevered, standing as a remarkable example of architectural resilience and providing a tangible link to the city's diverse and enduring history.