Arlington Antebellum Home and Gardens, Birmingham

The Arlington Antebellum Home and Gardens is a treasured historical site within six acres of landscaped grounds near downtown Birmingham. Though commonly referred to as a former “plantation,” Arlington was never used for agricultural production; instead, it served solely as a private residence.

This two-story Greek Revival mansion-Birmingham’s only surviving antebellum home-was built between 1845 and 1850 by enslaved laborers under the direction of Judge William S. Mudd. Originally owned by Georgia settler Stephen Hall, who came to Elyton to build a courthouse and jail, the property was sold after his family faced financial troubles. William S. Mudd bought it, expanded the land, and named it “The Grove” after the area's hardwood trees.

The mansion showcases classic antebellum Greek Revival architecture, with eight grand rooms that today house a museum of decorative arts. The museum features 19th-century furniture, textiles, silverware, and artwork-offering visitors a glimpse into the domestic life of the period. The surrounding gardens include a restored garden room, which is frequently used for weddings, community events, and other special occasions.

During the Civil War, Arlington was used by Union troops in 1865 as a base for Wilson’s Raid, which led to the destruction of the University of Alabama. In the 20th century, industrialist Robert S. Munger modernized the home with plumbing, and electricity, and added a guest structure. In 1953, it was preserved through a community effort and later listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970, with the surrounding park district added in 1995.

Today, Arlington remains open to the public as both a historical landmark and a museum. It stands not only as a rare example of antebellum architecture in Birmingham but also as a reminder of the complex, layered history of the region. The ashes of former Birmingham mayor George G. Siebels, Jr. are interred on the grounds, further cementing Arlington's place in the city's civic memory.