Cape Spear Lighthouse National Historic Site, St. John`s (must see)

Cape Spear Lighthouse National Historic Site is located at the easternmost point in North America, near St. John's Harbour. It was named after the French word "esperance," meaning hope, as it represented a hopeful destination for sailors after long voyages. In 1834, Governor Thomas Cochrane and the government appointed commissioners to oversee the construction of the lighthouse, which was situated on a cliff edge.

Construction began in 1834 and was completed in 1835, featuring a square building with a two-story wooden residence adjacent to the lighthouse. The lighting apparatus, fueled by sperm whale oil, had seven burners and produced a flash of light every minute. The lighthouse became operational on September 1, 1836.

Cape Spear Lighthouse holds historical significance beyond its navigational role. In 1845, it played a part in safely guiding the frigate Rhine, carrying Prince Henry of the Netherlands, through dense fog to St. John's Harbour. James Cantwell, aboard one of the pilot boats, successfully piloted the frigate to its destination despite poor visibility.

Today, Cape Spear Lighthouse National Historic Site stands as a testament to Newfoundland's maritime history. It attracts tourists who can explore the lighthouse, appreciate its architectural design, and enjoy stunning views of the rugged coastline. The site also offers insights into the challenges faced by sailors and the vital role of lighthouses in guiding ships to safety.