Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden, Cincinnati

The Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden, located in the Avondale neighborhood of Cincinnati, holds the prestigious title of being the second oldest zoo in the United States. Founded in 1873 and officially opened in 1875, this renowned institution has grown far beyond its original 64.5 acres, now encompassing neighboring blocks and various reserves throughout the city’s outer suburbs.

Home to over 500 animal species, 1,800 individual animals, and 3,000 plant species, the zoo combines rich biodiversity with a strong commitment to conservation. It has a long-standing reputation for pioneering breeding programs, including being the first to successfully breed California sea lions. In 1986, the zoo solidified its conservation mission with the establishment of the Lindner Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife (CREW).

The Cincinnati Zoo has also played an important role in history. It was the final home of Martha, the last known passenger pigeon, and Incas, the last Carolina parakeet. These individuals symbolize both the fragility of species and the urgency of conservation efforts.

The zoo is also notable for its historic architecture. In 1987, the Elephant House, Reptile House, and Passenger Pigeon Memorial were named National Historic Landmarks. Earlier, the Monkey House, Aviary, and Kemper Log Cabin (built in 1804) formed part of the “Cincinnati Zoo District,” listed on the National Register in 1975. Though the district designation was removed in 1999, the Monkey and Elephant Houses are still recognized for their historical and architectural value.

From its role in species preservation to its deep historical roots, the Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden remains a vital and vibrant institution, balancing education, research, and recreation for generations of visitors.