Harding's Battery, Gibraltar

Harding’s Battery-also known historically as Harding’s Fort- traces its origins to 1859, when it was constructed atop the remains of the earlier 7th Europa Battery, and was named in honor of Sir George Harding, Chief Engineer in 1844. Originally armed with two 18‑pounder guns, these were soon upgraded in 1863 to more powerful 32‑pounders.

In 1868, Colonel William Jervois reviewed Gibraltar’s coastal defenses and recommended modernizing many positions. By 1877, Harding’s Battery had been reconstructed to mount a formidable 12.5‑inch Rifle Muzzle Loading gun on a barbette-the upgrade completed in 1878. This 38‑ton behemoth could launch projectiles weighing up to 800 pounds, dramatically reinforcing the battery’s defensive power.

With the advent of breech-loading artillery by 1904, the Rifle Muzzle Loading gun became obsolete. The original barrel was eventually discarded and now rests on the seabed just below the battery. During World War II, the site shifted roles again, hosting a 40 mm Bofors anti-aircraft gun before falling into neglect.

Restoration began in March 2010 as part of a broader Europa Point enhancement project. The subterranean Europa Sunken Magazine beneath the gun emplacement was transformed into an engaging visitor centre, and in 2013, a replacement 12.5-inch Rifle Muzzle Loading gun-rescued from Gibdock and mounted on a reconstructed carriage-was installed, reviving the site’s historic grandeur