Marrakech Ramparts, Marrakech

The ramparts of Marrakech form one of the city’s most enduring symbols, encircling the historic old town with kilometers of warm, reddish-pink walls that have stood for centuries. They were first constructed in the early 12th century under the Almoravid dynasty, shortly after Marrakech was founded as the capital of a growing North African empire. Later expanded and reinforced by the Almohads, the ramparts served both defensive and symbolic functions—protecting the city from outside threats while projecting its power and prestige.

Built from a mixture of clay, lime, and red earth, the walls stretch for roughly 19 kilometers and originally included more than 200 defensive towers, along with several monumental gates that controlled movement in and out of the city. These gates—such as Bab Agnaou—became architectural landmarks in their own right, often adorned with decorative patterns and inscriptions.

For visitors, the ramparts offer multiple points of interest. Walking or driving along their length provides a changing view of the city, from bustling markets and palm-lined avenues to quieter stretches where the walls meet open fields or gardens. Sunset is a particularly atmospheric time, when the walls glow in deep shades of ochre and rose. Some sections of the ramparts are accessible on foot, allowing visitors to get a closer look at the construction methods and weathered textures that tell the story of nearly 900 years of history.