Ramparts of Quebec City, Quebec City

As you explore the area around Quebec City’s Parliament Building, look toward the edge of the Old City, and you will see one of Quebec’s greatest historic treasures: its 17th-century fortification walls. Thanks in part to Lord Dufferin, who opposed their demolition in the 19th century, Quebec City remains the only walled city north of Mexico. Built by the French and later strengthened by the British, these massive stone defenses are carefully preserved by the Canadian government and still give the city much of its old-world character.

Begin near the Parliament Building and turn toward the stone ramparts bordering the Old Town. From here, you can clearly see the high masonry wall, the sloping green earthworks pressed against it, and two important gateways. Saint-Louis Gate, one of the most photographed entrances to Old Quebec, is easy to recognize by its castle-like towers and arched passageway leading into Saint-Louis Street. Nearby, Kent Gate is a later one, identifiable by its solid stone structure and the black cannons displayed close to it.

Climb up onto the ramparts where access is allowed, or walk across the bridge-like top of the gates to appreciate just how thick and high the walls are. From above, look one way toward the Parliament Building and the newer city beyond, then turn back toward the rooftops, church spires, and narrow streets of Old Quebec. The contrast between modern Quebec City and the fortified historic center is one of the area’s great pleasures.

Continue following the wall toward the Citadel, where the defenses become even more impressive. Entry to the Citadel itself requires admission, but even from outside, you can appreciate how the ramparts, gates, cannons, and earthworks once protected this strategic hilltop city.

Wear comfortable walking shoes, bring water, and avoid the hottest part of the day in summer. For the best experience, walk along the top of the wall and consider joining a guided tour to better understand the city’s military past.