Sarehole Mill, Birmingham

Sarehole Mill, located in Hall Green, Birmingham, is a Grade II listed water mill known for its rich history and cultural significance, particularly its association with English writer and philologist J. R. R. Tolkien. This historic mill, situated on the River Cole, is one of only two operational water mills in Birmingham, the other being New Hall Mill in Sutton Coldfield. It was originally built in 1542, replacing a prior structure, and has undergone several transformations and names, including Bedell's or Biddle's Mill and High Wheel Mill.

The mill has a varied industrial past; it was leased by Matthew Boulton, a prominent figure in the Industrial Revolution, in 1755. Boulton adapted its machinery for metalworking and it has served multiple functions over the centuries, including grinding grain, bones for fertilizer, metal rolling, tool sharpening, and wire drawing. The current structure dates back to 1771 and was operational until 1919. After falling into disrepair, it was restored in 1969 following a successful community campaign to save it from demolition.

Further renovations occurred in 2012 and 2013, including a significant overhaul that restored the roof, chimney, millpond, and machinery, enabling it to produce flour again. During this period, the millpond was dredged and the sluice gates were repaired. The mill now features an outdoor bread oven and offers products made from on-site ground flour in the Millers Tea Room.

Visitors to Sarehole Mill can explore its history through guided tours, including the "Origins of Middle Earth" tours that highlight the area's connections to Tolkien. In 1975, as part of its restoration, a single-cylinder table engine from Smith Kendon Ltd, previously used in their factories until 1948, was installed to complement the water wheels. Though currently non-functional, this engine adds to the mill’s industrial heritage narrative.

Today, the site is managed by the Birmingham Museums Trust and supported by a team of dedicated volunteers, drawing thousands of visitors each year, making it not only a testament to Birmingham's industrial past but also a cherished community and cultural landmark.