The Royal Palace (Slottet) in Oslo was constructed in the first half of the 19th century as the residence for King Karl III Johan of Norway. Originally from France, the king (also known as Karl XIV Johan of Sweden) reigned over Norway and Sweden from 1818 to 1844. Today, the palace serves as the official residence of the Norwegian monarch (whereas the Crown Prince resides at the Skaugum estate in Asker, west of Oslo).

Situated at the end of Karl Johans Gate, the palace is surrounded by Palace Park (Slottsparken) and is fronted by Palace Square (Slottsplassen). Before its completion, Norwegian royalty resided in Paléet, a grand townhouse in Christiania (now Oslo). The construction of the Royal Palace began in 1824 and lasted for nearly 25 years, based on the designs by Danish-born architect Hans Linstow.

Despite adopting a simpler three-story neo-classical design, the palace remained unfinished when King Karl passed away in 1844. His son and successor, Oscar I, and his wife, Queen Josephine, became its first residents five years later.

The Royal Palace Chapel, consecrated in 1844, is used for religious services and various events of the Norwegian royal family, such as baptisms and confirmations.

Following the dissolution of the Union with Sweden in 1905, the palace became the permanent royal residence of Norway’s new monarch, King Haakon VII. Significant renovations were undertaken during the reign of King Harald V to address structural issues and modernize the building. Public access to the palace began in 2002, and the daily changing of the guard has since become a popular attraction for visitors.

Moreover, in 2017, the former palace stables were renovated and converted into a versatile art venue called The Queen Sonja Art Stable (Dronning Sonja KunstStall). Open to the public, this building serves as an art gallery, museum, and concert hall.

Guided tours of the palace, predominantly in Norwegian, are offered throughout the afternoon during the summer months. However, English-language tours are also available daily at 12 pm, 2 pm, 2:20 pm, and 4 pm. Tickets for these guided tours can be purchased online starting from the 1st of March each year.

Tip:
Changing of the royal guards is at 1:30 pm daily. You can always politely approach one of the guard soldiers and take a nice photo or have a chat with them :)
The garden is peaceful and freely accessible – you can have a picnic there and quietly enjoy nature.

Karl Johans Gate, or simply "Karl Johan" (as the locals colloquially refer to it), is named after King Karl III Johan and is considered the main street in Oslo. Popular with tourists, it gets particularly vibrant on Norway's Constitution Day, May 17, with parades and royal appearances. Street performers, including jugglers and musicians, add to the lively atmosphere from May to October, making it a cultural hub in the city.

Karl Johans Gate stretches 1,415 meters from Oslo Central Station to the Royal Palace. A section between the station and the Storting building is fully pedestrian. Lining the street are a number of landmarks such as the Oslo Cathedral, the Bazaars, the Fire Brigade, the National Theater, the Hotel Continental, and the University of Oslo.

Palace Park (Slottsparken) at the east end of Karl Johans Gate is home to the Royal Palace (Slottet). Originally built for King Karl III Johan, the palace continues to function as a residence for the present King of Norway, Harald V.

The street is made up of two distinct sections with unique histories. The eastern section, between Egertorget to Jernbanetorget squares, was originally part of King Christian IV's old city, near the ramparts. It wasn't fully developed until the 1690s when the Oslo Cathedral was built. The western section was developed in the late 1830s, as part of an urban expansion. Designed as a parade route, it was named Karl Johans Gate in 1852 after King Karl Johan’s death. The distinctively wide western and narrow eastern sections were merged in 1860.

In 2005, to mark the centenary of the dissolution of the Union between Sweden and Norway, the western part of Karl Johans Gate was narrowed and the pavements extended, aligning with the midpoint of the Royal Palace’s facade. New lampposts (modeled after 1920s designs) were installed, and the street was repaved with large stones. Also, to honor the 100th anniversary of Henrik Ibsen’s death in 2006, quotes from his works were embedded in the pavement between Frederiks Gate and the Grand Hotel, replicating the famous writer's daily route from the 1890s.

The Munch Museum, situated in Oslo, is a dedicated art institution that honors the life and artistic creations of Norwegian painter Edvard Munch. His most renowned masterpiece, "The Scream," has transcended into an iconic emblem of global artistry. While Munch's art is profoundly personalized, many of his artworks possess a universally captivating essence, leaving a significant mark on the realm of art. Within the past century, Munch has emerged as arguably the most recognizable Norwegian painter.

The museum's compilation comprises Munch's original works and artifacts, generously bequeathed to the city of Oslo following his demise. Additionally, contributions from his sister Inger Munch, along with various other artworks acquired through the exchange of duplicate prints, enhance the collection.

Presently, the museum's permanent assemblage encompasses well over half of the artist's entire oeuvre, encompassing paintings, prints, sculptures, books, and a range of other items. With a staggering count of over 1,200 paintings, 18,000 prints, six sculptures, 500 plates, 2,240 books, and assorted artifacts, the museum vividly showcases Munch's prolific output. Moreover, the institution accommodates sections dedicated to education and conservation, as well as provisions for the performing arts.

Originally established at Tøyen in 1963, the museum later relocated to its contemporary home in Bjørvika, officially inaugurated on October 22, 2021.

Tip:
Check out the coffee shop (with tables inside and outside) and the gift shop right at the entrance. As an added bonus, you also get to watch interesting videos in the downstairs.
There's a booklet which has a lot of information on many of the important pieces. You can pick it up and turn it back in when you're done.
Once you've paid for your ticket you can access to the exhibition area for the rest of the day.

Akershus Fortress (Akershus Festning), also known as Akershus Castle (Akershus Slott), is a medieval fortification in Oslo, central to the history of Norway. The exact date of its construction is unknown but is believed to have started in the late 1290s under King Haakon V. The fortress is the namesake of the county of Akershus, which used to encompass most of Eastern Norway.

Throughout its history, Akershus Fortress has withstood numerous sieges, including those by Swedish and Danish forces between 1308 and 1532. Despite these attacks, the fortress was never captured by a foreign enemy. However, during World War II, it surrendered to Nazi Germany without a fight and later became a site for executions by the German occupiers and post-war trials. The fortress was liberated in 1945 by the Norwegian resistance.

Akershus Castle also served as a royal residence during the Middle Ages, playing a key role in the shift of Norway's capital from Bergen to Oslo. Several notable Norwegian royals, including King Haakon V, resided there. After a significant fire in 1624, King Christian IV ordered the relocation of Oslo closer to the fortress, subsequently renaming the city Christiania. The fortress was modernized into a Renaissance-style castle and continued to function primarily as a palace until the 19th century.

In addition to its military and royal functions, Akershus has also been used as a prison, holding many rebels and criminals throughout its history. Some prisoners were famous, like the notorious criminal and writer Gjest Baardsen, who served there 18 years after being given a life sentence; the legendary bank robber Ole Høiland, who committed suicide at Akershus upon his second internment; and Lars Haetta, who was sentenced to death for rebellion but was later pardoned when he began translating the Christian Bible into Sami.

Today, Akershus Fortress is still a military area but is open to the public daily. Visitors can explore the castle, the Norwegian Armed Forces Museum, and Norway's Resistance Museum. The fortress also houses the Royal Mausoleum, the final resting place for several Norwegian monarchs. The Office of the Norwegian Prime Minister is temporarily located near the fortress, and the site is still guarded by His Majesty the King’s Guard.

Oslo City Hall (Oslo rådhus) is a mainstay of civic life in the Norwegian capital. Designed by architects Arnstein Arneberg and Magnus Poulsson, its construction took place between 1931 and 1950, with a pause during World War II. The red-brick structure features two towers – 63 and 66 meters tall. The eastern tower houses a carillon with 49 bells that chime every hour.

Historically, Oslo had different city halls, including one reportedly housing a public wine cellar. The Old City Hall (Gamle rådhus) was built near Akershus Fortress in 1641. As the city expanded, the need for a larger facility became evident by the 1800s. The idea for the current City Hall emerged in 1906 but was delayed for financial reasons.

When the building was officially opened in 1950, its brick style looked (at least to some) a bit outdated compared to the modern steel-and-glass architecture of the time. Influenced by functionalism, the design included two oblong, industrial-style office towers. The overall appearance combined modern forms and styling from the medieval era, including statues mounted on the walls and an ornate astronomical clock on the north face.

The artistic decorations, selected through contests in 1937, feature contributions from eight painters and 17 sculptors. The main hall features wall paintings by Henrik Sørensen and Alf Rolfsen, depicting Norway’s history. The City Council Hall is semi-circular, adorned with oak and tapestries, including one showing Saint Hallvard (the patron saint of Oslo) and the seven virtues, meant to inspire ethical governance.

Each year, on December 10th, the Nobel Peace Prize ceremony takes place at the Oslo City Hall, attended by the Norwegian royal family and prime minister. Barack Obama was among the first to be honored in the banqueting hall here after the ceremony was moved from the University of Oslo’s main building.

The City Hall is open to the general public. Apart from its decorated halls, visitors can enjoy a wonderful view of the harbor from the main balcony.

Tip:
Make sure to read the English captions under the wood carvings as you walk up to the City Hall.
Free guided tours in English (lasting approximately one hour) are also available, during which the guides explain the murals & artworks and their symbolism, as well as the functioning of the municipal government, in an entertaining way. Something not to be missed!

Aker Brygge in Oslo is a vibrant neighborhood known for its shopping, dining, and entertainment options. Once an industrial area with a shipyard that operated until 1982, it underwent significant redevelopment starting in the mid-1980s, transforming into a commercial and residential hub.

This redevelopment involved a mix of demolishing old industrial buildings and repurposing workshop halls into shopping areas, culminating in a modern district completed in 1998. The area now features shops, restaurants, a cinema, offices, residential apartments, a small boat harbor, and a ferry terminal. Further reorganization between 2010 and 2014 enhanced public spaces and added a new district.

Today, Aker Brygge attracts around 12 million visitors annually and is a leader in waterfront development in Norway. It combines public areas with cultural sites, such as the Astrup Fearnley Museum of Modern Art, and various artworks like the 'Sundial for Spatial Echoes' by Tomás Saraceno and the 'South Oslo' sculpture by Jacqueline Donachie.

The local pier is a popular spot for people-watching, dining at food trucks, and relaxing. The Aker Brygge Marina offers boat rentals, kayaking, and saunas, making it a great place to experience the Oslo Fjord.

Still, the most popular activity at Aker Brygge is strolling along the promenade, which offers abundant outdoor seating-estimated at around 2,500 seats-allowing visitors to enjoy the blend of old-world and modern architecture. The wharf frequently hosts pop-up shops, fashion shows, concerts, and art exhibits, ensuring a lively atmosphere. Aker Brygge provides enough entertainment for a visitor to easily spend an entire day enjoying the sights and activities.

Situated on the picturesque Bygdøy peninsula, close to various other cultural landmarks and museums, is the Kon-Tiki Museum. Established in 1949 and subsequently relocated to its current site in 1957, this museum is a tribute to the life and exploits of the Norwegian adventurer Thor Heyerdahl. Born in 1914, Heyerdahl orchestrated a series of daring expeditions across the Pacific Ocean during the 1940s and 1950s. The museum draws visitors into the captivating narrative of his endeavors, particularly highlighting his renowned voyage to the South Pacific, from which the museum derives its name.

Heyerdahl possessed a profound fascination with the historical tapestry of the Pacific Islands and ardently held the conviction that pre-Columbian South American indigenous communities had established colonies in distant locales like Easter Island, well before the arrival of European explorers. Through his remarkable feat aboard the Kon-Tiki, an ingenious balsa wood raft christened after an Incan deity, Heyerdahl irrefutably demonstrated the viability of traversing the vast expanse of the Pacific. The Kon-Tiki raft, now the centerpiece of the museum's collection, symbolizes this audacious accomplishment.

The museum offers an array of captivating exhibits, including a dedicated showcase of deep-sea inhabitants, featuring the complete skeletal structure of a majestic whale shark. Additionally, an expansive library dedicated to Norwegian exploration enriches the museum's offerings, further illustrating the country's history of maritime discovery.

Why You Should Visit:
It is pretty unexpected and nice learning about something so far from Norway, but at the same time relevant to it.
The displays are interactive and well-organized and give a really good sense of the motivations and dangers behind the trip.

Tip:
Make sure you visit at midday for the daily screening of the Kon-Tiki film, which gives a better picture of what Heyerdahl and his crew achieved and definitely enhances the rest of the exhibition.
Note that there is no food available in this museum – just a coffee/tea station.

The Fram Museum stands as a tribute to Norwegian polar exploration, recounting its history and tales. Situated on the Bygdøy peninsula in Oslo, it shares space with a cluster of other remarkable museums, including the Kon-Tiki Museum, the Norwegian Museum of Cultural History, the Viking Ship Museum, and the Norwegian Maritime Museum. Nearby, one can find the Bygdøy Royal Estate, the designated summer retreat for the King of Norway, and the historic Oscarshall.

Established on May 20, 1936, the Fram Museum commemorates the broader journey of Norwegian polar exploration, with a special focus on three renowned explorers – Fridtjof Nansen, Otto Sverdrup, and Roald Amundsen. Within its walls, visitors can also encounter captivating visuals of the polar region's wildlife, including polar bears and penguins.

Central to the Fram Museum is the original exploration vessel, also named Fram. Preserving its authentic interior, the museum invites visitors to step inside the ship and witness its history firsthand. The creation of Fram was overseen by Colin Archer, a shipbuilder of Scots-Norwegian origin, who designed the vessel based on the specifications outlined by Norwegian Arctic explorer Fridtjof Nansen. In 1891, Nansen secured funding from both the Norwegian government and private sources to bring this ship to life.

In May 2009, the Fram Museum and the Norwegian Maritime Museum entered into a collaborative agreement, granting the Fram Museum the responsibility of showcasing the Gjøa, the first ship to successfully navigate the Northwest Passage. In 1906, Roald Amundsen and his crew achieved this remarkable feat after a three-year expedition. Housed in its dedicated building within the museum complex, the Gjøa was made fully accessible to visitors in 2017.

Why You Should Visit:
This museum is the most comprehensive exhibit on polar exploration that you're likely to see.
The collection includes many photographs, maps, and equipment; the displays have timelines, journal entries, and historical contents.
There are also several specific rooms that simulate the conditions in the Arctic (and the Antarctic), like the one you go in freezing and windy conditions.
The facility offers lockers, snacks, and drinks so there's no need to rush out of it.

Tip:
Consider buying the museum pack that gets you into the 3 museums all right next to each other: Fram, Kon-Tiki, and the Marine Museum.

Situated on the Bygdøy peninsula in Oslo, the Viking Ship Museum forms an integral part of the Museum of Cultural History at the University of Oslo. Within its walls lie three burial ships from the Viking era, unearthed as significant archaeological discoveries from sites like Tune, Gokstad (Sandefjord), Oseberg (Tønsberg), and the Borre mound cemetery.

The museum gains its greatest renown for hosting the remarkably intact Oseberg ship, extracted from the world's largest documented ship burial. Alongside this, the Viking Ship Museum boasts the Gokstad ship and Tune ship as its main draws. Expanding the experience, the Viking Age exhibition presents an array of artifacts, encompassing sleds, beds, a horse cart, wood carvings, tent components, buckets, and various grave goods.

In 1913, Swedish scholar Gabriel Gustafson put forth a dedicated architectural concept aimed at housing Viking Age discoveries that had surfaced during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The University of Oslo had previously offered temporary refuge to the Gokstad and Oseberg ships. An architectural competition was organized, ultimately won by Arnstein Arneberg.

The construction of the Oseberg ship hall received funding from the Norwegian Parliament, leading to the relocation of the ship from the university's provisional shelters in 1926. Subsequently, the halls for the Gokstad and Tune ships were finalized by 1932. Nonetheless, the completion of the last hall faced delays, partly due to World War II, reaching its conclusion in 1957. This final hall accommodates the majority of the other findings, primarily sourced from the Oseberg site.

Why You Should Visit:
The best place to see real Viking ships in a great conservation state and other pieces of Viking history.
The building is a wonderful setting for the ships. Pretty cheap entrance ticket as well.
Outside café and pleasant sitting out area, weather permitting.

Tip:
There's a locker you can use for free where you can put your bags, since they only allow small purses.
Your ticket also covers free entry to the Museum of Cultural History nearby within 48 hours.

Situated in Oslo, the Norwegian Museum of Cultural History (Norsk Folkemuseum) stands as a repository of cultural heritage. Its extensive assortment comprises artifacts from diverse societal segments and geographical regions within the country. A highlight of the museum is its expansive open-air section featuring over 150 structures sourced from urban and rural locales.

Nestled on the Bygdøy peninsula, the Norwegian Museum of Cultural History finds itself in close proximity to a cluster of fellow museums, including the Viking Ship Museum, the Fram Museum, the Kon-Tiki Museum, and the Norwegian Maritime Museum.

Originating in 1894 under the guidance of librarian and historian Hans Aall (1869–1946), the museum's inception saw the construction of temporary exhibition edifices and the relocation of numerous rural structures. The museum officially welcomed the public in 1901. In a significant development, the collections of King Oscar II, located nearby, were integrated into the museum in 1907. At its core stands a collection of five transplanted buildings, with the iconic Gol Stave Church leading the way. This ensemble is hailed as the world's inaugural open-air museum, established in 1881.

The museum features notable structures like the 13th-century Gol Stave Church, merged into Norsk Folkemuseum in 1907. Among five medieval buildings displayed, there's the 14th-century Rauland farmhouse, a tenement from 15 Wessels gate (1865) with seven flats showcasing 19th to 20th-century interiors. One flat mimics a 2002 Pakistani immigrant family's living space. In 1951, Norsk Folkemuseum acquired Sami collections from the University of Oslo's Ethnographic Museum.

Enriching its holdings, the museum boasts an expansive photographic archive, a substantial portion of which comprises works by the renowned photographer Anders Beer Wilse (1865–1949). Throughout its existence, the museum has been a hub of research, delving into areas such as architecture, furnishings, attire, textiles, technological and societal customs, agriculture, collective memory, and Sami culture.

Why You Should Visit:
To get a keen insight into Norwegian life across hundreds of years.

Tip:
Plan to spend at least 3-4 hours to give this skansen/museum justice.
It is worth taking the free guided tours (about 1h) for the interesting info about the buildings and cultural history.