Al-Aqsa Mosque (Masjid al-Aqsa), Jerusalem

Masjid al-Aqsa—literally “the Farthest Mosque”—doesn’t try to outshine its flashier neighbor, the Dome of the Rock. It’s more restrained, more grounded, and very much aware of its own long memory. Standing on the Temple Mount, it marks the site traditionally linked to the first mosque built in Jerusalem in 638, connected to the Prophet Muhammad’s Night Journey, which placed this spot firmly into Islamic sacred geography.

History, however, has rarely left Al-Aqsa alone. Earthquakes, fires, and political upheavals have damaged it repeatedly, turning rebuilding into a recurring theme rather than a one-off event.

During the Crusader period, subtlety went out the window. The mosque was converted into a church, a cross was planted on its dome, and the underground vaults were repurposed as stables for Crusader horses—hence the enduring nickname, “Solomon’s Stables.” The Knights Templar order, founded in 1118, even borrowed their name from this complex, which the Crusaders confidently labeled the Templum, as if the past could be neatly reassigned.

That phase didn’t last, though. When Saladin retook Jerusalem, the Christian alterations were removed, and Al-Aqsa was restored as a mosque. The interior was carefully renewed, including the installation of an elaborate cedarwood minbar (pulpit) brought from Damascus, richly inlaid with ivory and mother-of-pearl. Although that pulpit was lost in a devastating fire in 1969, much of the mosque’s character survived—its mosaics, rose window, and original columns still quietly holding their ground.

What you see today is largely the result of 20th-century restoration, but don’t mistake “modern” for “plain.” Inside are seven aisles, marble columns, and 121 stained-glass windows that soften the light and slow the pace. Entry for non-Muslims is restricted, yet even from the outside, Al-Aqsa speaks volumes. It’s a building that doesn’t shout its importance—it lets history do the talking.