Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Vastu Sangrahalaya (Prince of Wales Museum), Mumbai

The formerly Prince of Wales Museum stands as one of Mumbai’s most important cultural institutions. Opened to the public in 1922, it was conceived during the late colonial period to house collections reflecting the art, history, and natural heritage of India and the wider region. In 1998, the museum was renamed in honor of the 17th-century Maratha ruler, and it continues to bear that name today.

The museum building itself is a landmark of Indo-Saracenic architecture, designed by Scottish architect George Wittet. Its large central dome, arched entrances, and pale stone façade draw inspiration from Mughal, Rajput, and Deccan. Construction of the building began in the early 20th century to commemorate King George V, then Prince of Wales, who laid the foundation stone in 1905. After taking several years to complete, the structure was briefly used as a military hospital before being formally established as a museum.

Inside, the museum’s collections span several millennia, ranging from artifacts of the Indus Valley Civilization to relics of major Indian empires including the Mauryas, Guptas, Rashtrakutas, Chalukyas, and the Mughal era. Galleries display sculpture, miniature paintings, decorative arts, arms and armor, textiles, and archaeological finds, alongside natural history exhibits exploring India’s biodiversity.