Church of St. Catherine (Bethlehem), Jerusalem

Joined to the Church of the Nativity, the Roman Catholic Church of Saint Catherine adds another layer to Bethlehem's sacred tapestry. Constructed in 1881, it incorporates remnants of Crusader architecture unearthed during its creation. Here, amidst the solemnity of its walls, the faithful gather to honor Saint Catherine of Alexandria, to whom Christ is said to have appeared.

A highlight of the church's calendar is the Christmas Eve Midnight Mass, broadcast to viewers around the globe. Equally worth watching is the daily procession of Franciscan Fathers, a timeless ritual that draws observers at noon (or 1 PM during daylight saving).

Descending medieval stairs from the church, visitors are transported into a labyrinth of caves and tombs, intricately linked to the Grotto of the Nativity. While access between the two is restricted, the subterranean complex offers a glimpse into biblical history and lore. At its heart lies the main altar dedicated to Saint Joseph, guardian of the infant Jesus. Here, amidst flickering candlelight, pilgrims pay homage to the saint who heeded the angel's warning, leading the Holy Family to safety in Egypt.

Nearby, the Chapel of the Innocents stands as a solemn tribute to the lives lost in Herod's ruthless pursuit of power, while further within, the tomb and statues of Saint Jerome, a revered Dalmatian priest, serve as testament to his monumental Old Testament translation.