Six Harmonies Pagoda, Hangzhou

Designated as a pivotal cultural landmark under national protection by the State Council in 1961 and recognized as one of the 30 Scenes of West Lake in 2007, the Six Harmonies Pagoda stands as a majestic testament to architectural prowess, soaring nearly 60 meters high. Its origins trace back to 970 during the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127), attributed to the counsel of two Chan masters who proposed its construction to tame river tides, in alignment with Buddhist principles.

Also called Liuhe Pagoda, it derives its name from the six tenets of Buddhism. Though marred by warfare, the current structure in Hangzhou was reconstructed in 1163 during the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279), boasting seven stories and eight sides in a timber framework. In the 1900s, the pagoda underwent renovations, adding 13-story wooden eave galleries, visually enhancing its stature.

The Qiantang River's tidal bore, renowned as a global marvel, attracts spectators year-round, with the most awe-inspiring displays occurring around the Mid-autumn Festival. Since the Southern Song Dynasty, the Six Harmonies Pagoda has stood as a prime vantage point for observing this natural spectacle, offering panoramic views of the river, sailing vessels, and distant mountains.

Ascending the pagoda, visitors encounter 104 iron bells suspended from its ascending eaves, diminishing in size towards the apex. Inside, inscriptions by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty adorn each floor. The pagoda's base features over 200 brick carvings, showcasing intricate designs of flowers, birds, animals, and Buddhist motifs, echoing ancient architectural styles described in Song Dynasty texts. The pagoda houses a wealth of cultural relics, including a stele from a Southern Song Dynasty minister and 42 stone carvings by renowned calligraphers.