Cowane's Hospital, Stirling

Cowane's Hospital, located in Stirling's Old Town, is a remarkable 17th-century almshouse, established in 1637 using a bequest from the merchant John Cowane (1570–1633). The structure was originally intended as a hospital to provide for the poor, but over time it transitioned into a Guildhall, serving the Merchant Guildry of Stirling. The building has been listed as category A since 1965 and is hailed by Historic Scotland as a "rare survival of 17th-century burgh architecture" and one of Scotland’s finest examples of its kind.

The building process was overseen by master mason John Rynd, with construction commencing in early 1637. It was a challenging period due to the political instability of the mid-17th century, delaying the hospital’s completion until 1643, with final details likely added by 1660. Notably, the hospital was strategically positioned near the town's 16th-century defensive wall, hinting at its potential role in Stirling's defenses.

The hospital’s gardens are equally significant, reflecting a "rare survival" of institutional gardening from the 1600s. Initially laid out in the 1660s, these grounds were developed with terraces, ornamental features, and functional vegetable and herb gardens. In 1673, an elaborate sundial was installed, adding to the charm of the space. Over time, the gardens were further enhanced, most notably in 1712 when a bowling green was added alongside Dutch-style parterres and floral displays.

By the 1720s, the hospital’s original function shifted to a pensioners' home-care system, and the building itself was converted for use as a hall for the Merchant Guildry. Despite subsequent alterations, the gardens and building have retained much of their original character. Today, Cowane's Hospital serves as a venue, continuing its connection to the Merchant Guildry while preserving its historic legacy.