Great Pyramid of Giza, Cairo (must see)

The Great Pyramid of Giza, also referred to as the Pyramid of Khufu or Cheops, stands as the most ancient and largest of the three pyramids situated within the Giza pyramid complex, which is located near modern-day Giza in Greater Cairo. This remarkable structure holds the distinction of being the oldest among the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and it is the sole wonder that has endured the passage of time with much of its original form intact.

Egyptologists have deduced, through examination of markings in an inner chamber identifying the workforce and references to the Fourth Dynasty Egyptian pharaoh Khufu, that this pyramid was constructed as a tomb over a span of approximately 10 to 20 years, culminating around 2560 BC. Standing initially at a height of 146.5 meters (481 feet), the Great Pyramid held the title of the world's tallest man-made structure for an astounding duration of over 3,800 years until it was surpassed by the completion of Lincoln Cathedral in 1311 AD. Inside the Great Pyramid, there are three recognized chambers. The lowest chamber is hewn into the bedrock on which the pyramid was built and was left in an unfinished state. Positioned higher up within the pyramid's structure, you'll find the Queen's Chamber and the King's Chamber.

The principal components of the Giza complex encompass a collection of structures, including two mortuary temples dedicated to Khufu (one in close proximity to the pyramid and another near the Nile), three smaller pyramids intended for Khufu's wives, a smaller "satellite" pyramid, an elevated causeway linking the two temples, and modest mastaba tombs designated for nobles encircling the pyramid.