Metropolitan Cathedral, Panama City

No visit to Panama City’s Old Town feels complete without stopping at the Metropolitan Cathedral of Panama. Construction began in 1688 and stretched over more than a century, with the cathedral finally completed and consecrated in 1796. Over the centuries, the cathedral has endured earthquakes, fires, and periods of decline that affected much of the surrounding city. While neighboring buildings were damaged or replaced during the nineteenth century, the cathedral itself remained standing.

Architecturally, the cathedral is defined by contrast rather than ornament. The central facade, constructed using stone reused from the ruins of Old Panama, appears darker and more subdued. This section is flanked by two lighter-colored bell towers, creating a visual balance. Rather than following a single architectural plan, the cathedral combines elements shaped by different periods of colonial design.

Set into niches on the exterior are wooden statues of saints, including a prominent figure of the Virgin Mary associated with Santa María la Antigua, the patroness of Panama. These figures are later additions and are often mistaken for stone due to their weathered appearance.

Inside, the cathedral reveals a more elaborate interior. The main altarpiece, dating largely to the late nineteenth century, is composed of multiple types of marble combined with gold leaf. It was restored between 2018 and 2019, when the altar was reconsecrated and blessed by Pope Francis during his visit to Panama. Stained-glass windows filter light into the nave, adding color to a space that has witnessed centuries of religious, political, and civic life.