Ramban Synagogue, Jerusalem

When the Spanish rabbi and scholar Moses Ben Nahman (Nahmanides) sought refuge in Jerusalem in 1267, he was dismayed to find only two Jewish families remaining. The Crusaders had slaughtered the city's Jews in 1099 and barred others from returning. Determined to revive the community's life, Nahmanides acquired land near King David’s Tomb on Mount Zion and established a synagogue, which eventually became a hub for Talmudic study, attracting scholars from far and wide.

Upon the rabbi's passing around 1400, the synagogue was rebuilt at the new location, albeit below ground level, so as to comply with regulations that forbade structures taller than mosques. It quickly emerged as the focal point of Jewish life in Mamluk Jerusalem, marking a significant return of Jews to this part of the Old City since their expulsion in AD 135.

The structure underwent reconstruction in 1523 after its collapse, becoming perhaps the sole Jewish place of worship in Ottoman-controlled Jerusalem. However, in 1587, Jewish worship was banned by authorities, and the building was repurposed as a workshop. It wasn't until 1967, when Israel reclaimed the Old City from Jordan, that Ramban was restored for worship, seven centuries after its original renovation, becoming the oldest standing synagogue in the city.

To enter, pass through the stone gateway and descend the steps. Remember to dress modestly (no tank tops or revealing attire) and cover your head if you're a man; also, refrain from photography or cell phone use on Shabbat. Entry is free!