The Step Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara, Cairo

The Djoser Pyramid, also known as the Step Pyramid of Djoser, is an archaeological site located in the Saqqara necropolis, situated to the northwest of the ruins of Memphis. This six-tiered, four-sided structure holds the distinction of being the earliest colossal stone building in Egypt. It was constructed in the 27th century BC, during the Third Dynasty, with the purpose of serving as the burial place for Pharaoh Djoser. The pyramid stands as the central focal point of an extensive mortuary complex, set within an expansive courtyard that is surrounded by ceremonial structures and ornate decorations. Imhotep, who held the roles of chancellor to the pharaoh and high priest of the god Ra, is credited as the architect behind this remarkable monument.

Over time, the pyramid underwent several revisions and alterations to its original design. Initially, it reached a height of 62.5 meters (205 feet), featuring a base measuring 109 meters by 121 meters (358 feet by 397 feet), and it was covered in polished white limestone. The step pyramid, sometimes referred to as a proto-pyramid, was considered the earliest known example of large-scale cut stone construction by humans. It's worth noting that some Egyptologists suggest that the nearby enclosure wall known as "Gisr el-Mudir" might predate this complex, and contemporaneous with it are the pyramids in South America at Caral.

In March 2020, after a restoration period lasting 14 years, the pyramid was reopened to visitors, allowing them to explore this remarkable historical site once again.