Caritas Well, Copenhagen

The Caritas Well, or Caritas Fountain, is the oldest fountain in Copenhagen, constructed in 1608 under the auspices of King Christian IV. Situated on Gammeltorv within the bustling Strøget pedestrian zone, the fountain not only serves as a historical monument but also remains a celebrated piece of urban artistry and mechanics.

The design of the fountain showcases the intricate craftsmanship of Statius Otto, a German wood carver from Elsinore, whose original wooden carvings were later cast in bronze. These figures prominently feature a portrayal of 'Caritas'-the Latin word for charity, which is one of the three theological virtues. This virtue is symbolized through a poignant depiction of a pregnant mother with her children, standing atop a column in a copper basin. Historically, the fountain also featured some controversial elements; the female figure sprayed water from her breasts and a little boy urinated into the basin. These aspects were temporarily modified from 1857 to 1940, reflecting the societal sensibilities of the era.

The fountain not only serves as a piece of art but also historically played a functional role in Copenhagen’s water supply system. It was connected to a six-kilometer-long water tube, initially constructed by Frederik II, that ran from Lake Emdrup to Gammel Torv. The elevation allowed a sufficient pressure gradient to enable the functioning of the fountain.

A unique tradition associated with the Caritas Well is the placement of golden apples in the fountain on the Danish monarch’s birthday, currently celebrated on April 16th for Queen Margrethe II. These apples, actually copper balls coated with 24-carat gold, "jump" on the water streams-a spectacle that dates back to the 18th century and draws both locals and tourists alike. This event, laden with symbolism and celebration, highlights the enduring cultural and historical significance of the Caritas Well in the heart of Copenhagen.