Spanish Arch, Galway (must see)

On the east bank of the River Corrib, two historic arches stand as reminders of Galway’s medieval past: the Spanish Arch and its adjacent structure, sometimes referred to as the Caoc Arch. These arches are the surviving remnants of Galway’s old Front Wall, which stretched from Martin’s Tower to the river, forming part of the city’s fortifications. The wall, including these arches, was constructed around 1504 to protect the town from potential attacks and to regulate access to the waterfront, which was essential for trade and defense.

The name “Spanish Arch” reflects Galway’s long-standing trade connections with Spain during the late Middle Ages. Galway’s merchants imported wine, salt, and other goods, establishing the city as a vital trading port.

In the 18th century, the prominent Eyre family extended the quays along the river in an area now known as the Long Walk. To improve access from the town to the new quay, they constructed an additional arch, initially called the “Eyre Arch,” though the popular name “Spanish Arch” eventually took hold.

In 1755, the Lisbon earthquake generated a tsunami that reached the west coast of Ireland, affecting the arches. Though damaged, the structures survived and continued to play a role in the city’s maritime and civic life.

Over time, the Spanish Arch grew into a cultural landmark, appearing in films such as the 1957 Irish classic “The Rising of the Moon.” Today, the arches remain a popular location for both locals and visitors, serving as a gathering point, a place for exhibitions and festivals, and a window into Galway’s rich history of trade, defense, and community life along the Corrib.