Ancient Agora of Athens, Athens (must see)

The ancient Agora, or marketplace, sits beneath the revered hill of the Acropolis. This sprawling site now contains the remnants of what was once a vast and intricate complex. In ancient times, the Agora served as the beating heart of public life in the city-state of Athens. Numerous administrative buildings, temples, altars, stoas (roofed arcades filled with shops), and fountain houses were constructed around the open square, which took its final shape in the 2nd century AD. Common citizens would gather to engage in political discussions and participate in the voting process for proposed laws. It was within the council buildings, law courts, and streets of the Agora that democracy took root and thrived.

In 507 BC, Athenian leader Cleisthenes introduced a system of political reforms he termed "demokratia", or "rule by the people", which consisted of three distinct institutions: the "ekklesia", a sovereign governing body responsible for drafting laws and shaping foreign policy; the "boule", a council comprising representatives from the ten Athenian tribes; and the "dikasteria", popular courts where citizens presented cases to a panel of randomly selected jurors. Although Athenian democracy endured for only two centuries, it stands as one of ancient Greece's most enduring legacies to the modern world.

Beyond its role as the city's political center, the Agora also served as a venue for religious ceremonies, commercial transactions, theatrical and musical performances, and even athletic competitions. Here too was the state prison where Socrates was charged and put to death in 399 BC, as well as the city mint responsible for minting Athens' silver currency.

Why You Should Visit:
The concept of democracy, one of ancient Greece's most significant contributions to the modern world, originated right here in this place. The site also features a beautiful temple, and it is well-marked, including the remains of the ancient drainage system.

Tips:
Admission to the on-site museum is included in the Agora ticket, and you can view some remarkable artifacts there. Water fountains and restrooms are conveniently located nearby.