Catacombs of Saint Paul, Mdina

The Catacombs of Saint Paul form the largest complex of underground Roman cemeteries in Malta and provide fascinating evidence of the island’s early Christian history. Located in Rabat, just outside the ancient Roman city of Melite, the catacombs developed from earlier Punic and Roman tombs, with the main burial complex dating from around the 3rd century AD. They remained in use until the 7th or possibly 8th century.

The site consists of more than 30 underground burial complexes, with the main network covering over 2,000 square metres. Their location outside ancient Melite reflects Roman customs and laws that generally required burials to take place beyond inhabited areas. Descend beneath the streets of Rabat to explore a labyrinth of galleries, chambers and remarkably well-preserved rock-cut tombs. Christian, Jewish and polytheistic burial traditions have all been identified in the wider cemetery, providing valuable insights into the diverse society and burial customs of ancient Malta.

Among the most interesting features are the baldacchino tombs, carved from the living rock, traces of ancient decoration and two circular stone tables known as agape tables, probably used during commemorative meals held in honour of the dead.

According to local tradition, Saint Paul sought refuge here following his shipwreck in Malta. However, there is no archaeological evidence that he actually used the catacombs, and their association with him developed through their proximity to Saint Paul’s Grotto.