Mercado do Sao Jose (Sao Jose Market), Recife

Mercado de São José was inaugurated on September 7, 1875, following a project initiated in 1871 and construction beginning in 1872. It is recognized as the oldest building in Brazil made entirely from pre-manufactured iron. Inspired by 19th-century French market halls, its iron components were imported from Europe. The structure replaced the earlier Ribeira do Peixe, creating a more regulated trading space aligned with hygiene standards.

The building follows a rectangular plan with wide aisles and high ceilings that promote ventilation. Its iron frame supports large open interiors, while masonry walls define the exterior. Some internal elements were modified, including replacing wooden blinds with cobogó panels. The roof uses clay tiles, and after a fire in 1989, the market was restored and reopened in 1994.

Inside, the market remains an active commercial and cultural center, with around 545 shops. Vendors sell fish, meat, spices, medicinal herbs, and handcrafted items such as lace and leather goods. The market is also known for Literatura de Cordel, with booklets of folk poetry and woodcut illustrations. Stalls remain organized by trade, following long-standing patterns.