The Valletta Waterfront, located in Floriana, is a picturesque promenade distinguished by three notable buildings: a centrally positioned Church of the Flight into Egypt, the Pinto Stores (also known as the Pinto Wharf) to the left, and the Forni Stores (or Forni Shopping Complex) to the right.

Originally established in July 1727 by Grand Master Anton Manuel de Vilhena, the Valletta Marina underwent subsequent development in 1752 under the direction of Grandmaster Manuel Pinto de Fonseca. This expansion saw the addition of 19 impressive stores and a church, all designed in the Baroque style attributed to Andrea Belli.

During World War II, the area suffered significant damage from aerial bombardment due to its proximity to the Malta Dockyard and British naval forces in Grand Harbour. However, extensive restoration efforts were undertaken post-war to revive and enhance the waterfront.

Today, management of the Valletta Waterfront falls under a private consortium, overseeing Malta's cruise liner operations. The waterfront boasts approximately twelve restaurants, several bars, and retail outlets. It serves as a venue for various events, including the Malta Jazz Festival and the Malta Fireworks Festival.

The Church of the Flight into Egypt, constructed in 1752 alongside the stores, endured bombing during World War II. However, damaged portions were faithfully reconstructed to match the original design, with restored original elements. Mass is conducted at the church every Saturday evening. Additionally, a bronze image of Jesus's face, originally affixed to the church, now adorns the facade of the Co-Cathedral of Saint John in Valletta.

Recognized for their historical significance, the Pinto Stores were designated as a grade 1 national monument and listed on the National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands (NICPMI), having been included on the Antiquities List of 1925.

Just outside Valletta’s City Gate stands the Triton Fountain, a familiar sight for anyone arriving in Malta’s capital. Completed in the late 1950s and inaugurated in 1959, it was created by sculptor Chevalier Vincent Apap with draftsman Victor Anastasi. Today it serves not only as a monument but also as a kind of entry point, giving visitors their first impression of Valletta’s blend of Mediterranean heritage and modern life.

The fountain is composed of three bronze Tritons, figures from Greek mythology known for their ties to the sea. They raise a broad circular basin above their heads, supported by a round platform finished in travertine. Each figure carries the weight differently: two Tritons balance on one knee, while the third kneels fully. Viewed from City Gate, their faces all come into view, giving the composition a sense of unity and rhythm. The arrangement was influenced by Rome’s Fontana delle Tartarughe, a fountain admired for the interaction among its sculptures.

Here, the Tritons are portrayed with strong, expressive bodies, their muscles defined as if caught mid-motion. Their poses create a sense of cooperation, as though they are working together to lift the basin above them. The travertine platform beneath them adds texture and warmth, especially under Malta’s bright sunlight, which brings out the greenish tones of the bronze. The water that spills from the basin softens the monumental forms, adding movement and sound to the open square.

City Gate serves as the main entrance to Valletta. Often referred to as the “Door to the City,” it marks the point where visitors step from the modern world into the historic grid of streets planned in the 16th century.

The first gate on this site, known as San Giorgio Gate, was built between 1566 and 1569 by military engineer Francesco Laparelli, following the Great Siege. It was a fortified opening in the city walls, designed very much with defense in mind. In 1632, it was replaced by a more decorative gate by Maltese architect Tommaso Dingli, reflecting the city’s growing confidence and stability.

Under British rule, a new gate was built in 1853, designed by Colonel Thompson of the Royal Engineers. Featuring two large central arches and two smaller side arches, it became known as the Reale Gate and stood throughout the colonial period. In 1964, a fourth gate was inaugurated as part of a redevelopment plan for the entrance and the nearby Royal Opera House, although the full project was never completed.

As you approach today, you will see the fifth and current City Gate, completed in 2014 and designed by Italian architect Renzo Piano. Walking through it, you will find a clean, modern opening that intentionally contrasts with the historic stone walls. Don’t miss the way the gate frames Republic Street-the city’s main axis-drawing your eye straight into Valletta’s orderly layout.

This church was the first building built in Valletta. Its purpose was to commemorate the victory of the Knights of the Order of Saint John over the Ottomans during the 1565 Siege of Malta.

In 1566, a ceremony was held to lay the foundation stone of the city of Valletta, and the church was the first building built in the new city to express the Malteses' gratitude.

The church was dedicated to the Nativity of the Virgin. Later, the Order of Saint John dedicated it to Saint Anthony the Abbot. It was damaged in various conflicts over the years, the latest being bombings during World War II.

The remains of Grandmaster Jean Parisot de Vallette, who ordered the construction of the church, were originally interred in the church's crypt. While they were later moved to Saint John's Co-Cathedral, a statute of Jean de Vallette sits across the street in the plaza bearing his name.

A complete restoration of the church was begun in 2000 as part of a city-wide rehabilitation project. The exterior was completed in 2002, but interior restoration work is on-going.

Like most Maltese churches, this one is lavishly appointed with priceless works of art and treasures. Paintings above the altar depict Saint Anthony of Egypt and Saint Anthony of Padua. They were brought to Malta in 1530.

The Church of Saint Catherine of Alexandria, more commonly known as the Church of Saint Catherine of Italy, stands as a historic emblem of faith and cultural heritage in Valletta. Founded by the Hospitaller Langue of Italy, this Roman Catholic church was initially constructed in 1576 to cater to the spiritual needs of the Italian Knights of Saint John. Strategically positioned adjacent to the Auberge d'Italie, the church was a product of the architectural ingenuity of Girolamo Cassar, who was commissioned to design the building.

Throughout the 17th century, the church underwent significant enhancements, including the addition of an octagonal structure to complement the pre-existing chapel, which was subsequently transformed into the sanctuary. These modifications not only expanded the church's capacity but also enriched its architectural complexity.

The Church of Saint Catherine has witnessed extensive restoration efforts, particularly from 2001 to 2011, ensuring its preservation and continuous service to the Italian community in Malta as their parish church. This enduring role underscores the church's pivotal place within the local Italian community, offering a spiritual haven and a touchstone of cultural identity.

Notably, the church is recognized on the National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands, highlighting its significance in Malta's rich cultural landscape. The interior of the church houses a remarkable titular painting by Mattia Preti, depicting the martyrdom of Saint Catherine of Alexandria. This masterpiece, a generous donation by Preti himself, along with the cupola adorned with painted stucco decorations and ornamental patterns in grey and gold, showcases Preti's artistic brilliance and contributes to the church's aesthetic and spiritual allure.

Saint John's Co-Cathedral in Valletta represents the rich heritage of the Knights of Malta. Commissioned in 1572 by Grand Master Jean de la Cassière and completed just a few years later, it served as the conventual church of the Order of Saint John. The design was entrusted to Glormu Cassar, the Maltese architect responsible for many of Valletta’s early buildings.

From the outside, the cathedral has a plain, fortress-like appearance-a reminder that it was built shortly after the Great Siege of 1565, during a time when defense shaped every corner of the new capital. The simplicity of the façade prepares visitors for the dramatic contrast they will encounter inside.

Once inside, you enter a very different world. Richly decorated walls are carved directly into the stone, and painted scenes from the life of Saint John by 17th-century Italian Baroque artist Mattia Preti cover the interior. Don’t miss the ceiling: Preti’s use of light and shadow makes some figures appear almost to lift off the surface. One of the most remarkable features is that the elaborate carvings were created directly on the walls, rather than being added later.

Make your way to the Oratory, located just beyond the right-hand side chapels. Here you’ll find Caravaggio’s The Beheading of Saint John the Baptist, the cathedral’s best-known masterpiece and the only painting he ever signed. The vast canvas fills nearly an entire wall and is a striking example of his dramatic use of light and shadow. In the same space, look for his smaller work, Saint Jerome Writing, which is equally compelling.

Before leaving, pause in the Nave, where about 400 inlaid marble tombstones form a colorful, detailed floor. Each tombstone marks the final resting place of a knight of the Order of St. John and is decorated with heraldic symbols, coats of arms, and carvings highlighting the knight’s rank, achievements, and virtues. Many include allegorical figures, religious motifs, and inscriptions about their lives. The vibrant marbles, ranging from deep reds to soft whites and greens, create a mosaic-like effect across the cathedral’s nave and chapels.

Tip:
Get there early! This is a very popular attraction and the groups and cruise ship passengers descend by 10:30 or so.

Saint Augustine Church, located in the heart of Valletta, is a significant monument reflecting the architectural and spiritual heritage of the city. The origins of the church trace back to the early days of Valletta, with its foundation stone laid in 1571 under the auspices of Girolamo Cassar, the renowned architect of the Knights of Saint John. However, the church underwent a significant transformation in 1765, being rebuilt to a new design by Giuseppe Bonici, marking a pivotal moment in its architectural evolution.

In 1968, Saint Augustine Church was elevated to the status of a parish church, highlighting its importance in the community. Adjacent to the church is Saint Augustine Hall, which remains a testament to Cassar's original vision for the complex. The church as it stands today was consecrated on 1 July 1906 by Giovanni Maria Camilleri, a milestone that further cemented its place in the religious life of Valletta.

The church holds priceless artifacts, including original pieces from its inception. Notable among them is a significant 16th-century painting by Mattia Preti, depicting Augustinian Nicholas of Tolentino, adorning the saint's chapel. Another painting from Preti's school, featuring Augustinian John of Sahagun, decorates the first left chapel, echoing the artistry of Saint John's Co-Cathedral in Valletta. Below this, a smaller unsigned painting of Our Lady of Grace connects the present church to its historical roots.

The church is particularly renowned for its statue of Saint Rita, around which a vibrant feast is celebrated every May. This event sees the statue of Saint Rita processed through the streets of Valletta, drawing both locals and visitors to participate in the festivities.

Saint Augustine Church is recognized for its cultural and historical significance, being listed on the National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands.

Manoel Theatre, nestled in the heart of Valletta on Old Theatre Street, stands as a cornerstone of performing arts and cultural heritage in Malta. Known affectionately as "The Manoel," this historic venue bears the name of Grand Master Fra António Manoel de Vilhena, the visionary behind its inception in 1731. As one of Europe's oldest working theatres-predating even Naples' renowned San Carlo-it holds the distinguished title of the oldest theatre still in operation within the Commonwealth of Nations.

Originally launched as the Public Theater (Teatro Pubblico), the theatre underwent several name changes, evolving to Royal Theatre (Teatro Reale) in 1812, before settling on its current designation, Manoel Theatre, in 1866. It opened its doors with a production of Maffei's "Merope," setting the stage for centuries of theatrical excellence.

The Manoel Theatre is an architectural gem, boasting an intimate 623-seat auditorium. Its oval shape, adorned with three tiers of wooden boxes decorated in gold leaf, and a pale blue trompe-l'œil ceiling that mimics a round cupola, offers audiences a uniquely immersive experience. This design not only reflects the grandeur of its era but also creates an atmosphere of closeness to the performances.

Serving as Malta's national theatre and the home of the Malta Philharmonic Orchestra, the Manoel has a rich legacy of fostering the arts. It presents a diverse array of performances, including theatre in both English and Maltese, opera, musical recitals, poetry readings, dramatic readings, and an eagerly anticipated annual Christmas pantomime, primarily produced by the Malta Amateur Dramatic Club. The venue's commitment to showcasing both local talent and international stars has made it a pivotal platform for cultural expression and appreciation in Malta.

Why You Should Visit:
Once you are in this theatre, it seems you flew back in time. There is also the theatre museum just next door which is worth a visit.

Tip:
You can get a good view from almost every position – just avoid the gallery seats as these are not very comfortable and are often behind some column. The boxes, however, are very good.

Saint George's Square, also known as Palace Square, stands as the vibrant heart of Valletta. This grand square dates back to the 17th century and has been the backdrop to some of the island's most significant events, including royal visits, grand victory celebrations, and the historic presentation of the George Cross in 1942. Situated in front of the splendid Grandmaster’s Palace, the square is adorned with notable buildings such as the Casa Dei Conti, which served as the treasury of the Order of Saint John, the Main Guard Building, and the Hostel de Verdelin, now repurposed as a police station.

Over the centuries, while its appearance has evolved, Saint George’s Square has continuously served as the epicenter of city life in Valletta. Today, it is celebrated as a 'people’s square,' bustling with activity and life. It regularly hosts exhibitions, festivals, and the enchanting monthly Changing of the Guard ceremony, making it a dynamic hub for both locals and visitors. The square also features a captivating dancing water spectacle that occurs hourly, adding to its allure.

Positioned at the core of Valletta, approximately halfway down the city's main thoroughfare, Republic Street, and bordered by Old Theatre Street and Archbishop Street, Saint George’s Square is not just a testament to Malta’s rich and colorful history but also a lively venue for concerts, performances, and various events. This charming square is undeniably a must-visit location for anyone exploring the historic city of Valletta, offering a unique glimpse into the heart and soul of the Maltese capital.

The Grandmaster’s Palace, often simply called The Palace, is one of Valletta’s most historically significant buildings. Built between the 16th and 18th centuries, it served as the residence of the Grand Master of the Order of Saint John and later became the Governor’s Palace under British rule. Today, it houses the Office of the President of Malta, while selected areas-such as the Palace State Rooms and the Palace Armory-are open to visitors through Heritage Malta.

As you approach the building, you will see its Mannerist façade, designed with a focus on balance and restraint. The front is noticeably asymmetrical, reflecting centuries of alterations. Two arched entrances lead toward an upper balcony, and you will find traditional closed timber balconies at the corners-features added during the 18th century. Originally, the exterior was coated in red ochre, a color used by the Order to mark official buildings.

Inside, don’t miss the Palace Armory, open to the public since 1860. This collection once equipped the Knights of Saint John during the 17th and 18th centuries and remains one of the largest armories displayed in its original setting.

The palace is organized around two courtyards, with one featuring a Neptune statue. The collection ranges from actual armor worn in battles on Maltese soil against Arab or Byzantine forces to swords and cannons, offering a vivid journey through history.

Tip:
The armory can also be visited on a joint ticket with the nearby Palace State Rooms, which are full of history and beautiful to look at. To get to the rooms, there are four flights of stairs or a lift to take.

Initially known as Treasury Square due to its hosting of the Order of Saint John's treasury, this area was later renamed Queen's Square after a statue of Queen Victoria was placed there during the British era. Nowadays, it's officially called Republic Square, but many people still refer to it as Queen's Square.

On the northwest side, you'll find a significant building, the Common Treasure House, which stored important documents and financial records for the Order of Saint John. Over time, this building has served various purposes, including government offices, a hotel, and a cinema. It suffered damage during World War II but was repaired and is now the Casino Maltese, with cafes and shops occupying the ground level. One notable spot here is Cafe Cordina - one of Malta’s most historic cafés and a longtime gathering place for locals, artists, writers, and politicians.

The southeast side faces the National Library of Malta, a necessity for more space for the Order's growing collection of books. Designed by Stefano Ittar, a Polish-Italian architect, the library was completed in 1796.

The square's northeast side is next to the Grandmaster's Palace, the official residence of Malta's ruler, while the southwest side features a shopping arcade. Today, the square is a lively area with outdoor cafes and restaurants.

The Courts of Justice building in Valletta, completed between 1965 and 1971, is a notable example of Neoclassical architecture. Designed by Jo Tonna, the building is easily recognized by its front portico which includes six columns. It's a sizable structure, spreading over seven levels, with three of these situated below the level of the main street in front. This building takes up nearly a whole city block, except for one corner that's taken by the Savoy Building.

This site was originally occupied by the Auberge d'Auvergne, a building from the 16th century that provided accommodation for knights from the Order of Saint John, specifically those from the Auvergne region. In the 19th century, it was repurposed as a courthouse, serving in this capacity until it was significantly damaged by a German bomb in 1941 during the Second World War.

After the attack, the courts were temporarily moved out of Valletta but returned in 1943 to the part of the Auberge that was still standing. They stayed there until 1956, when the building was deemed too run-down to continue using, leading to its demolition. The construction of the current Courts of Justice building started in 1965 on the same spot.

The building officially opened its doors in January 1971, with the first case being heard just two days after its inauguration. It not only serves as the venue for legal proceedings but also houses the Civil Courts Registry, the Court Archives, a police detention area, and a parking lot. The Valletta Police Station was also located here for some time. Additionally, there are extensions to the courthouse located across the street on Strait Street.

One of Valletta’s oldest churches is the Collegiate Parish Church of Saint Paul’s Shipwreck, dedicated to the Apostle Paul, who is regarded as the father of the Maltese. According to the New Testament, Paul was being taken to Rome as a prisoner in 60 AD when his ship encountered a severe storm in the Mediterranean. After days of drifting, the vessel was wrecked on Malta. During his three-month stay, he healed the father of the island and later many other sick people. The church was built to commemorate this event.

Designed by Girolamo Cassar, the church was completed in 1582. As you step inside, you will encounter artworks spanning several centuries.

The main highlights of the church are the relics connected to Saint Paul. To see them, head to the right-hand side chapels along the nave. The first side chapel on your right typically houses the reliquary containing a piece of Saint Paul’s right wrist bone, displayed in a small glass case with a descriptive plaque. Return to the nave and continue toward the rear of the church. In another side chapel on the opposite side, you will find a fragment of the column from the Three Fountains in Rome, where Saint Paul was martyred, also presented in a labeled reliquary.

After visiting both relics, circle back to the main altar to admire the high altar and the altarpiece by Matteo Pérez d’Aleccio, an Italian painter known for his large-scale altarpieces and frescoes. The church also houses paintings by Attilio Palmobi and Giuseppe Calì, two important Maltese artists of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

The Feast of the Shipwreck of St. Paul, held on February 10th, is one of Malta’s major religious celebrations. Throughout the day, the church hosts special Masses, and the 1659 statue of St. Paul by Melchiorre Cafà is carried in a procession through the streets of Valletta. As bells ring, the area around the church fills with activity, drawing both locals and visitors into the festivities.

Lower Barrakka Gardens is a public garden located on the waterfront of the Grand Harbour, offering a calm spot to enjoy the views and explore several monuments and statues. It’s an easy place to stop while wandering through Valletta, and the combination of open space, greenery, and historic features makes it well worth a visit.

The most notable feature here is the Neo-classical temple dedicated to Sir Alexander Ball, built in 1810. Ball was a British admiral and the first Civil Commissioner of Malta. Architect Giorgio Pullicino designed the monument in the style of an ancient Greek temple, taking inspiration from the Temple of Hephaestus in Athens. Impossible to miss, it stands right in the middle of the gardens. Notice how the terrace’s elevated position overlooks the harbor-a fitting location for a monument to a naval officer who played a key role in Malta’s history.

As you walk through the gardens, look for the various commemorative plaques scattered around the terrace. You will find tributes to the 50th anniversary of the European Union, the 1956 Hungarian Revolution, the Prague Spring, and other notable events and individuals. The combination of history and quiet green space creates a reflective atmosphere amid the city’s bustle.

Across Quarry Wharf, don’t miss the Siege Bell War Memorial, which honors those who lost their lives defending Malta during World War II. For a break, there is a small café kiosk where you can enjoy coffee, drinks, or a quick snack.

For an even wider view of Valletta and the Grand Harbour, consider heading to the Upper Barrakka Gardens, located on the upper level of the Saint Peter & Paul Bastion. From here, you can enjoy an extended perspective of the city and harbor, complementing your visit to Lower Barrakka Gardens and giving a fuller sense of Valletta’s waterfront and historical importance.

Fort Saint Elmo is one of the most recognizable landmarks in Malta, positioned at the far end of Republic Street. It commands the tip of the Sciberras Peninsula, looking out over both the Grand Harbour to the south and Marsamxett Harbour to the north. These two natural harbors made the site crucial for defense, and each entrance is guarded by its own set of fortifications, with Fort Saint Elmo anchoring the central point.

The site’s military use dates back to the 1400s, when local militias built simple watchtowers to observe incoming vessels. After the Ottoman fleet entered Marsamxett Harbour without resistance in 1551, the Knights of Saint John understood the need for stronger defenses. The watchtower was expanded into a star-shaped fort, designed by the Spanish military engineer Pietro Pardo, creating a more resilient structure capable of withstanding heavier attacks.

Fort Saint Elmo became the focal point of the Great Siege of Malta in 1565. For 28 days, the Knights and local defenders held out against the Ottomans before the fort finally fell. Their resistance bought the rest of Malta valuable time to strengthen other fortifications, shaping the outcome of the siege and the island’s history.
Among the highlights is the National War Museum, housed in the Old Drill Hall of Lower Saint Elmo. Originally focused on the two World Wars, the museum was expanded in 2015 to present Malta’s military story from the Bronze Age to the present.

Inside, you will find several key artifacts. From earlier conflicts, there are armors used by Ottoman forces and by the Knights of Saint John. From World War II, look for the Gloster Sea Gladiator aircraft-famous for its role in Malta’s defense-and the Jeep used by U.S. Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower and Franklin D. Roosevelt during their wartime visits.

Tips:
When touring the fort, the views are spectacular. But it does require quite a bit of time outside. So if the weather is less than ideal, remember to bring appropriate clothing. The winds in the winter can be brutal!