Australian National Maritime Museum, Sydney

The Australian National Maritime Museum stands on the edge of Darling Harbour, dedicated to exploring Australia’s enduring relationship with the sea. Opened in 1991, it was designed by Australian architect Philip Cox, who described the structure as a “romantic shed” with a wave-shaped, shell-like roof that reflects the movement and rhythm of the water. The museum’s gleaming white form, visible from across the harbour, sits comfortably within its maritime surroundings and serves as a distinctive landmark among Sydney’s waterfront attractions. It is one of six national museums in Australia—and notably, the only one located outside Canberra.

Inside, the museum’s galleries trace the nation’s maritime story from Indigenous sea cultures to European exploration, migration, trade, and naval history. Exhibits showcase ship models, artefacts, and multimedia presentations that reveal how Australia’s identity has been shaped by its coastlines. Displays such as “Shaped by the Sea” and “Navigators” highlight early voyages, while immigration and naval exhibits examine the human experiences behind centuries of maritime activity.

A key feature of the museum is its floating collection, moored alongside the main building. Visitors can step aboard the HMAS Vampire, a Royal Australian Navy destroyer; the HMAS Onslow, a Cold War submarine; and the meticulously crafted replica of Captain Cook’s HMB Endeavour. Each vessel offers insight into life at sea and the technological evolution of naval and exploratory craft.

The museum’s harbourside setting encourages visitors to move between land and water, with open decks, public art, and family programs that bring maritime history to life.